Vestibular SIG

PPVB is a specific entity that results in rotary vertigo lasting 10 to 25 seconds, triggered by a particular position of the head. The patient describes brief rotary vertigo, triggered exclusively by changes in position: lying down, getting out of bed, turning over in bed, especially to one side, but also looking up or down. The etiology of this vertigo is benign. It is due to a deposit of small calcified particles (otoliths) in the semicircular canals of the inner ear.

This vertigo is treated by a particular therapeutic procedure, called a “liberating maneuver”, this latter maneuver is carried out by a specialist doctor or a vestibular rehabilitator.

is an acute accident caused by a unilateral vestibular deficit, often total and isolated, without hearing impairment. It is an acute inflammation of the vestibular nerve responsible for sudden, complete, unilateral and (almost) isolated paralysis of vestibular function. Neuritis is characterized by very severe rotary vertigo with vomiting followed by imbalance that disappears within a few weeks. It is of viral origin (occurring in epidemics) or vascular. The evolution is most often favorable, thanks to drug treatments and vestibular rehabilitation.

is a disease that progresses in attacks over several years, typically combining the triad of vertigo, deafness and unilateral ringing in the ears (tinnitus) to which is attached the sensation of fullness in the ear. Meniere's disease is due to hyperpressure, dilation or distension of the membranous part of the inner ear.

Typically, the attack begins with a severe tinnitus associated with a sensation of fullness in the ears. Hypoacusis (deafness) appears and very often the tinnitus changes, becoming more acute. Then rotary vertigo occurs, constituting the most spectacular element of the attack. It is often intense, accompanied by significant nausea and vomiting. The duration is very variable, from a quarter of an hour to a whole day.

This disease is treated with medication and is associated with vestibular rehabilitation carried out by a vestibular re-educator.

It is a benign tumor, a "schwannoma" that develops at the expense of the Schwann sheath of the vestibular nerve in the internal auditory canal from Scarpa's ganglion. This tumor grows very slowly.

The treatment is surgical and followed by vestibular and possibly cranial rehabilitation.

is most often due to ototoxic antibiotics such as aminoglycosides. It can also reflect central involvement (sedative drugs, vascular accidents, etc.)

It reflects excessively high vestibular responses. It is generally bilateral and reflects central involvement (multiple sclerosis, diffuse vascular involvement, cerebellar involvement, AIDS, etc.).

This term covers subjects complaining of balance disorders without having any particular neurological or ENT history and having normal oto-neurological functional explorations.

• presbyvestibuli (aging of the vestibule: epithelium, vascularization, nerve and otoliths)
• presbyataxia (aging of balance: vision, vestibule, proprioception, nerve centers, motor response)